Best androstenedione supplement. Save 60%. Best androstenedione supplement

 
 Save 60%Best androstenedione supplement  Steel Supplements 1-Andro can also be stacked with other STEEL's andro products

The drug can be taken by mouth, infusion or a nasal. It is a precursor to testosterone and estrogen, and it has been used as a dietary supplement to increase muscle mass and strength, improve athletic performance, and enhance sexual function. These androgens are converted. Like DHEA, androstenedione is a naturally derived. Checkout this list of Best selling andro supplements (including Andro stacks). Androstenedione (a Natural Steroid and a Drug Supplement): A Comprehensive Review of Its Consumption, Metabolism, Health Effects, and Toxicity. According to the Market Statsville Group (MSG), the global androstenedione market size was valued at USD 206. Methods: Eight men (mean (SD) age 44. , 2001). Then take a PCT supplement for 4 weeks. The 6 Best Supplements to Gain. Serious athletes, bodybuilders, and powerlifters, as well as people who are eager to gain some mass, would want to consider taking LG Sciences Bulking Andro Kit. The first 1 Andro supplement on our list comes from the bros at Hi-Tech Pharmaceuticals. 99. 4-Androsterone (4-DHEA) is also popular, but for me, it’s not quite as good as 1-Andro for developing sculpted muscle. Converts to testosterone during vigorous exercise. Hi Tech 1-Testosterone has a two way blend, a muscle builder and a absorption element. Painful erections. Whether Andro improves athletic performance. The NFL banned substance list covers a wide range of drugs from steroids to supplements. Supplement Facts panel. Updated October 30, 2023. This is the best andro for putting on the leanest, driest muscle mass and tons of strength. LIPOSOMAL ENCAPSULATION TECHNOLOGY. androstenedione increases effects of danazol by pharmacodynamic synergism. Those taking supplements had 100% higher serum androstenedione levels than baseline at weeks 2 and 5 (P < 0. Androstenedione: A Banned Bodybuilding Supplement You Should Avoid THURSDAY, Feb. The same could not be said of the controversy rippling throughout the sports world regarding his use of an over-the-counter. In women, anabolic steroids can: Increase body hair. Other names include 19. While andro products like androstendione have now been banned by the FDA, there are many, even better herbal supplments to help increase your testosterone levels. 4-Andro – Best Bulking Prohormone. Side effects of andro. Androstenedione happens normally in the body yet can likewise be made artificially. According to the Mayo Clinic, long-term use of androstenedione supplements by men can result in testicular atrophy, impotence and the development of female characteristics. com Androsurge Estrogen Blocker & Testosterone Booster for Men - Competition-Grade Anti-Estrogen, Test Booster & Aromatase Inhibitor Supplement - w/ Tongkat Ali, Rhodiola, DIM - 60 Natural Capsules Capsule 60 Count (Pack of 1) 9,828 1K+ bought in past month $3999 ($0. Even more startling, the men who had taken the supplements before the age of 25 were the ones with the highest risk. uk. If you notice that your mood isn’t quite the same, studies suggest that DHEA may be an effective natural support remedy to elevate your mood. 4 andro will be of little to no use with a trt dose. 1-Andro is a non-methylated prohormone that does not convert to estrogen or DHT. $299. Andro the Giant by Hard Rock Supplements - Ranked number one in the test base category for providing the overall best quality and value all in one! 90 tablets all dosed at 110 mg per tablet featuring liposomal delivery for maximum delivery/absorption. Androstenedione Supplement For Muscle Building How it works to build muscle, its potential side effects , how to take it safely and the best stack . No filters applied. Go search for steroid conversion. 19-Nor-5-androstenedione, 19-nor-5-androstenediol, and other 19-norandrostane prohormones were nutritional supplements. Rating: 4. In addition to giving both men. Browse top brands and formulas at GNC for healthy testosterone support. 95 plus $5. Indeed, after supplementation of an androstenediol-containing nutritional supplement for 28 days, statistically significant increases in serum androstenedione (174%), free testosterone (37%), and dihydrotestosterone (57%) were observed at the end of the study period (Brown et al. Nootropics supplement from Elm & Rye. Such as testosterone, or converted into the. Pocket Icon. Between 1-andro, 4-andro and other prohormones, you can find the best formula and strongest prohormones for the goals that you have. You can buy steroids (such as testosterone) at your local pharmacy without breaking any Mexican laws. 4-Andro (4-androstene-3b-ol 17-one), also known as 4-Androsterone or 4-DHEA, is a naturally occurring DHEA isomer. J. Make skin rough. Testosterone prohormones such as androstenedione, androstenediol, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) have been heavily marketed as testosterone-enhancing and muscle-building nutritional supplements for the past decade. Prime Labs – Men’s Testosterone Booster – Stamina, Endurance, & Strength Booster – 60. a placebo and the results came back negative. Androstenedione is a steroidal hormone produced in male and female gonads, as well as in the adrenal glands, and it is known for its key role in the production of estrogen and testosterone. 05). Pinterest Icon. Find on Ebay Customer Reviews. It is your responsibility to check with the appropriate or designated athletics staff before using any substance. Quantity: Description. It is used to make medicine. It is a metabolite of DHEA , and as such, a direct precursor to the male hormone testosterone. In men, anabolic steroids can: Reduce sperm count. Androstenedione-D7 is commonly used to increase muscle mass, enhance energy. 6 (6. This 1-AD supplement is the perfect cutting prohormone that uses 1-androstene-3b-ol, 17-on Decanoate which is one of the most. It is classified as an androgen, which means it plays a role in the development and maintenance of male characteristics. The FDA issued a press release, held a news conference, and sent warning letters to 23. User: best prohormone bulking stack, turinabol for cutting or bulking, title: new member,. The biggest dosed, best value and most effective Test Base Supplement on the market today. 99 – $38. Most Popular IronMag Labs Supplements. Andro-4D is also known as 4-androstenolone or 4-AD, which is the body’s most potent endogenous androgen. Increasing a sense of well-being. 1 (3. viagra christmas tree boost ultra male enhancement 30 count pills natural male enhancement pills amazon best andro supplements PITC Institute. Ingredients & Supplement Facts: Why It Works. 4 Andro is Androstenedione. Supplement manufacturers often c. Androstenediol used to be available as a dietary supplement. It’s also hard to know if the company is reliable. Androstenedione. But what 4-Andro does produce. 1-andro liquid is a safe, yet effective prohormone available for those looking to better their. Androstenedione, also called andro, is a hormone everyone's body makes. It's one metabolic step away from testosterone, the body's ultimate anabolic steroid. #2 - USADA and Lyman claim it was tainted with 1-AD, not 1-ANDRO, two semi related, but easily discernible compounds when viewing them on a HPLC. 95 for a one-month supply. In women, the androgens testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) play important physiologic roles in reproductive tissues, mood, cognition, the breast, bone, muscle, vasculature, and other systems. What Is 1-Andro? 1-Andro is a legal pro hormone that gets converted to the active steroid 1-Testosterone. During Weeks 1-4 ~ 1-Andro Rx™ 2 capsules per day (1 cap AM & 1 cap PM) During Weeks 1-8 ~ Advanced Cycle Support Rx™ - 2 capsules per day (organ and lipid. They said that andro has no effect on the body, as well as no effect on muscle strength. A double isotope dilution method is presented for the determination of testosterone and andros t-4-ene-3, 17-dione concentration in human plasma consisting. PMD Methyl Andro Hardcore. 99. Home. Select this if your pharmacy isn’t listed above. The best known of these is androstenedione, or "andro. 4-Androsterone (4-DHEA) is also popular, but for me, it’s not quite as good as 1-Andro for developing sculpted muscle tone. Anadrol: Anabolic/Androgenic: 320/45. Not only are homocysteine levels often elevated in PCOS patients, those higher levels are associated with reduced fertility, low birth weight, poor egg quality, miscarriage, and hypertension. For this LG Sciences recommends taking FORM-XT post cycle. Experimental approach. For bulking, take your 4 Andro supplement with MK 677. 07). 4-Andro. Top 10 Best. Reviews (7) Overview Androstenedione is a type of chemical known as an anabolic steroid. Chiefly herbal blend. By the time people are 70 to 80 years old, their DHEA levels are only 10% to 20% those in young adults. It is a metabolite of DHEA , and as such, a direct precursor to the male hormone testosterone. These supplements are known to enhance. THURSDAY, Feb. Androstenedione can also be taken as an oral supplement to increase your T levels. $ 89. In house testosterone measurements should be performed initially. Andro Supplements and Andro Products. This means you won’t deal with unwanted side effects like gyno and bloating. hormone with a cyclic structure. EpiAndro Lean is our pick for the third best ranking epiandrosterone supplement. Androstenedione is a steroidal hormone produced in male and female gonads, as well as in the adrenal glands, and it is known for its key role in the production of estrogen and testosterone. Enhanced Formulations also has one now that is 100mg a cap, not this 50-75mg/cap that you see often, and half the time that's the total weight WITH the ester they toss on there so even less total 4-DHEA. 2, 2023 (HealthDay News) -- Androstenedione is one of those supplements that was peddled to athletes for years as a quick path to bulging muscles and high testosterone levels, but it comes. Androstenedione’s effects may. How much Andro is absorbed in the body, or where in the body it goes. Nugenix®. Find a huge select of the best prohormone stacks whether your goal is cutting (fat loss) or bulking. This feeling fades away in a few hours or a day maximum. There are a lot of things to consider before finalizing your purchase. Use it consistently for eight weeks to get the best benefits. The cheapest way is to have it auto-shipped each month at the expense of only $29. In 2004, the U. 8 Week Hi Tech Pharmaceuticals Winstrol & Dianabol Stack. 8 million by 2033, growing at a. Sentiment Score 9. 3% of the testosterone produced in males, but to about 60% of that produced in females. Which was a wet bloated horrible mess. But the supplement is linked to numerous side effects. It plays a major role in the production of testosterone and estrogen. Abstract. It also generated in the ovaries (in women), and the testes (in men). Anti-androgens can help manage these conditions and prevent complications caused by high androgen levels in women. Top 11 Best Androstenedione Supplements. LIPOSOMAL ENCAPSULATION TECHNOLOGY. e. Home About Us Blog How it works Research Why buy from us Wellness Quiz; HIT-6&#8482; Headache Impact Test; MIDAS Migraine Test; HIT-6&#8482; Migraine Test; Login; Shop Wellkasa; Home; About Us Blog How it works. The history of sudden onset of rapid hair loss over two months should not be attributed to a hormone pellet placed 8 years prior with a full and complete work up to fully and completely rule out other potentially. For cutting, users find that combining their 4 Andro with Cardarine or Stenabolic tends to work very well. Improving body recovery and growth from exercise. View on Amazon →. 1. Clinical use Clinicians may use the testing of androstenedione for: Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of hyperandrogenism (in conjunction with measurements of other sex-steroids). Shrunken testicles. This 1-AD supplement is the perfect cutting prohormone that uses 1-androstene-3b-ol, 17-on Decanoate which is one of the most. This is the best andro for putting on the leanest, driest muscle mass and tons of. ANDROSTENEDIONE Supplements containing androstenedione were introduced in the mid 1990’s and were promoted as a natural way to help increase strength and muscle mass and to combat the effects of the aging process in older men, much of which is attributed to declining testosterone levels. In the United States, androstenedione is defined as a dietary supplement by the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 and is thus sold over the counter. Androstenedione is a steroidal hormone produced in male and female gonads, as well as in the adrenal glands, and it is known for its key role in the production of estrogen and testosterone. When using andro as a supplement was legal, it was used in hopes of boosting testosterone levels in the body. As you age, levels of both start to. Androstenedione (Δ4-Androstenedione, 4-androstene-3,17-dione or 17-ketotestosterone) is an endogenous androgen steroid hormone and intermediate in the biosynthesis of testosterone from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). In January 2005 legislation went into effect in the United States called the Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 2004. Steroid preparations marketed as nutritional supplements have been found to contain undisclosed steroids. Best 4-andros prohormone supplements. ANDROSTENEDIONE IS A steroid hormone and an immediate precursor to testosterone and estrone in the intrinsic synthetic pathways of androgens and estrogens (1– 3). 4-andro is the best prohormone supplement out there. For example, some protein supplements available at common retailors,. Liposomal technology allows for maximum effects by the human body when administered orally. To be used as part of a physical conditioning program. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURECataproduct found 7622 products for the search term 'androstenedione supplement' at 20 shop(s), including Amazon. This is the. Androstenedione, also known as andro or DHEA, is a steroid hormone that is produced naturally in the body by the adrenal glands and gonads. Lowers HDL. Hi Tech Pharmaceuticals is back with one the long awaited andro prohormone for building muscle mass and strength above anything you ave experienced in the past. EpiAndro Lean by Muscle Addiction . adrenal hyperplasia. It has 1-andro, 4-andro, androsterone, androstenolone, and turkesterone. It acts as a precursor to more powerful hormones and is widely utilized by fitness enthusiasts and bodybuilders for its muscle-building and fat-reducing properties. 👉 Best protein powder to get ripped, androstenedione in females - Buy steroids online Best protein powder to get ripped As long as you get a nice serving of protein in a meal or in a powder like whey protein isolate you are givi. Methods: Eight men (mean (SD) age 44. 0. Examples include androstenedione, stanozolol, axiron, and fortesta. The data revealed something surprising: those who had taken creatine or androstenedione supplements had a 65% higher chance of testicular germ cell cancer than those who had not. According to the Mayo Clinic, long-term use of androstenedione supplements by men can result in testicular atrophy. Vitamin B12 helps lower inflammation in the body by breaking down the amino acid homocysteine. body hair, growth of sexual organs and your voice dropping. It’s also hard to know if the company is reliable. Cons. Best androstenedione supplement. 3) Weight Loss. Androstenedione is used to increase the production of the hormone testosterone to enhance athletic performance, increase energy, keep red blood cells healthy, enhance recovery and growth from exercise, and increase sexual desire and performance. On eBay, one month’s supply ranges from $27. Early research shows that taking 1-androsterone 330 mg daily might help increase strength in people who lift weights. Most users choose 1-Andro if they are going through a cutting phase. Androstenedione is also sold as an oral supplement, that is being utilized to increase testosterone levels. About Us; My account; Wishlist; 100% Secure deliveryEggs are a source of several hormones, such as testosterone, 5α-dihydrotestosterone, androstenedione, progesterone and several thyroid hormones, all of which can increase androgen receptors (). Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a weak androgen also used to elevate testosterone levels. THURSDAY, Feb. Androstenedione's dangers. A true “wet” bulking agent, Andro the Giant’s main ingredient converts into the master hormone Testosterone. There are some REALLY weird aspects to these claims. Recently the FDA demanded that supplement companies stop selling supplements with androstenedione because of health risks. Androstenedione supplements are a popular choice among athletes, bodybuilders, and fitness enthusiasts. The Androstenedione test is conducted by the collection of the blood sample. See full list on powerandbulk. The best over-the-counter (OTC) Epiandrosterone (Epi-Andro) pills are largely dependent on your individual needs and goals, but two notable options are: LG Sciences' Epi-Andro 50: This product is a prohormone supplement that contains 50mg of Epiandrosterone per serving, which is converted into Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in the body. The best known of these is androstenedione, or "andro. Androstenedione-D7 is commonly used to increase muscle mass, enhance energy. The remaining active ingredients in this formulation are included at too low of a dose (50 mg each) for them to have any effect on testosterone in our opinion. Androstenedione, also called andro, is a hormone everyone's body makes. November 6, 2023. Safety: Lemonaid Health’s prescription medications are FDA-approved pills that are packaged and delivered in the United States. In her (nonexistent) spare time, she likes to read, swim, and run marathons. 4-Andro – Best Bulking Prohormone. Best Androstenedione Supplements. After finishing speaking, Nie Feng was already walking towards the door. Then take a PCT supplement for 4 weeks. 1-AD By Hi Tech Pharmaceuticals is a prohormone that helps increase strength and lean muscle mass without the water weight and bloating. Andro-4D is a pro-hormone that is made up of 4-dehydroepiandrosterone (4-DHEA). Sep 15, 2021. Get free savings. With it’s main ingredient of Bulbine Natalensis 10:1 combined with Zinc Methionine and Vitamin B6 rounded. 2. Expensive. Contains most nutrients needed to make testosterone. You just need to stick to the directions on the bottle. DHEA restores DHEA/DHEAS and androstenedione levels, reduces total cholesterol, improves well-being, sexual satisfaction and insulin sensitivity, and. Androstenedione is used to increase the production of the hormone testosterone to. 2. Facebook Icon. It is closely related to androstenediol (androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol). Capsule · 60 Count (Pack of 1) 1,212. Heightening sexual arousal and performance. At this time scientific support is limited, but. RSP Prime-T sticks to what works in its blend of ingredients and nutrients for testosterone support. Best Seller. 2. 2, 2023 (HealthDay News) -- Androstenedione is one of those supplements that was peddled to athletes for years. HyperGH 14X: Currently, the best PMD methyl andro alternative, contains real growth factors from natural compounds like Deer antler velvet, and other HGH secretagogues. Androstenedione is also sold as an oral supplement, that is being utilized to increase testosterone levels. A 1966 study with radioactive tracers found that androstenedione leads to only 0. These stack include some of the strongest prohormones. Best Androstenedione Supplements. Primobolan is the best prohormone for cutting as it'll help maintain strength and muscle even under the strictest caloric deficit. •. 4-androstenedione is a 19-carbon steroid hormone produced in the adrenal glands and the gonads as an intermediate step in the biochemical pathway that produces the androgen testosterone and the estrogens estrone and estradiol. 5. ANDRO Testosterone Booster is a powerful natural testosterone boosting supplement with clinical evidence showing it’s main ingredient is capable of raising testosterone levels to a huge 367% over baseline. Recent double-blind, placebo-controlled human studies provided evidence to support some of these claims. These supplements are known to enhance muscle mass, strength, and athletic performance. Over the last few years, supplementation using these prohormones has been aggressively marketed to the general public. You can get Steel 1-Andro from the official Steel Supplements website, while Hi-Tech Pharmaceuticals 1-Andro is available at Best Price Nutrition. With this prohormone, it is recommended to take it up to 8 weeks. 2 DHEA-S, DHEA. 95 for a one-month supply. Republic of the Philippines. " Found the full study. What is the best Andro supplement for muscle growth? This andro will also help aid in building up muscle and lean mass/strength. Hi-Tech combined two of their strongest prohormones, 1-Testosterone and Winstrol, into one. Steel Supplements 1-Andro can also be stacked with other STEEL's andro products. Definition Of Androstenedione. Is an endogenous weak androgen steroid hormone and intermediate in the biosynthesis of estrone and of testosterone from dehydroepiandrosterone (dhea). adrenal gland tumors. 1 (3. Доставка: с 10:00 до 22:45. Learn everything you needed to know when. 95. Background: Since the passage of The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act in 1994, there has been a flood of new "dietary" supplements promoting anti-aging benefits such as the enhancement of growth hormone or testosterone levels. What is 1-Andro? (Androstene 3b-ol) 1-Andro is the nomenclature for 1-Androstene 3b-ol,17-one. The answer might surprise you. 06 with Subscribe & Save discount. Androstenedione is a steroidal hormone produced in male and female gonads, as well as in the adrenal glands, and it is known for its key role in the production of estrogen and testosterone. androstenedione increases effects of estrogens conjugated synthetic by. Stomach upset. Androstenedione supplements are a popular choice among athletes, bodybuilders, and fitness enthusiasts. 1 Goli Apple Cider Vinegar Gummy Vitamins - 60 Count - Vitamins B9 & B12, Gelatin-Free, Gluten-Free, Vegan & Non-GMO . Make Me a PRO Member. The best known of these is androstenedione, or “andro. Male pattern baldness is an annoying side effect of high dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Prime Male: One of the best Ashwagandha and D-AA based Testosterone booster. One capsule in the morning, one capsule in the afternoon and two capsules at night. Modern “andro” supplements. Athletes refer to it as Andro, which is commonly used as a natural. Similar to Super Mandro, Andro the Giant offers up to 330% more product than the competition. Bulking Andro Kit – LG Sciences (5 / 5). Considered an Armotase Inhibitor, or AI, Arimistane is an important part of the pro-hormone line-up. It can be difficult to buy a best androstenedione supplement online without feeling anxious. Prime Labs –. Product Ingredients. ), said he started using supplements to put bulk on his 5-foot-10, 210-pound frame. THURSDAY, Feb. Androstenedione, 4-androstenediol, 5-androstenediol, 19-norandrostenediol and 19-norandrostenedione are commonly referred to as "Andro" prohormones. Androstenedione is a dietary supplement promoted to increase levels of the hormone testosterone. Androstenedione is a crucial sex-steroid precursor. Tadalafil: $220 per month. With large androstenedione doses of 300 to 400 mg/day, serum androstenedione levels can almost double in some patients. penisenlargement pills. . top of page. It’s best to look at dehydroepiandrosterone as a muscle support supplement and not the bodybuilding wonder pill that it’s made out to be. Copy. 1-Andro Vs 4-Andro: Which Is Best? There really is no “best” when it comes to comparing these two very similar prohormone supplements. 3) Weight Loss. CVS Pharmacy. lmao i wish you the best. Prime Male. Weeks 4-6 Form-XT: Take 4 capsules per day. Vitamin B12. Androstenedione is one of those supplements that was peddled to athletes for years as a quick path to bulging muscles and high testosterone levels, but it carries. estradiol. This irreversibly inactivates the enzyme, which reduces circulating levels of estrogens in the body. According to the Mayo Clinic, long-term use of androstenedione supplements by men can result in testicular atrophy. 3 (9. 2, 2023 (HealthDay News) -- Androstenedione is one of those supplements that. In short there will be estrogen conversion with this stuff, but because of the oral bioavailability it won't be anywhere near AAS levels. The best legal HGH for bulking up! If bulking is your goal, this is the ideal supplement. In women, roughly 25% of androgen production occurs in the adrenal glands, 25% occurs in the ovaries, and the rest occurs peripherally. Welcome to The British Food Store. Oral androstenedione is potential quite unsafe, the androsterone side effects men have experienced include: Reduced sperm production. Омск 20 лет РККА, 300/3 Время работы: пн. It is one of the most abundant circulating steroids in humans. This article reviews the effects of androgens in women, as well as the indications and best-practice recommendations for the use of. Once in the morning, once in the afternoon. It will require two bottles to ensure a full 8 week cycle. Contains ashwagandha, which may support testosterone. The best result is the 'Ergonat Supplement - 100g' of Amazon. Best Seller. Women who use these products may develop male characteristics such as male pattern baldness, deepening of the voice. Androstenedione is a hormone that the body's adrenal glands produce naturally. Before breakfast, 20 minutes before, take two. Welcome! Log into your account. It lies at the convergence of the 2 biosynthetic pathways that lead from the progestins to the sex steroids, being derived either via: -C3-dehydrogenation of DHEA. Supplements containing androstenedione were introduced in the mid 1990's and were promoted as a natural way to help increase strength and muscle mass and to combat the effects of the aging process in older men, much of which is attributed to declining testosterone levels. Its become very popular as a legal bodybuilding prohormone and testosterone replacement alternative due to its high conversion rate to testosterone. 10. However, it mainly acts as a stepping stone in the manufacture of testosterone and oestrogen within the body. Users have reported rapid gains in mass, muscle density, strength, and libido. 3. Androstenedione is a steroid-like compound which goes about as a precursor for the amalgamation of testosterone and estrogen. Simply known as. Route of Administration: Oral In Vitro Use. The compound has been popular among athletes due to claims that it could enhance muscle growth. The body turns andro into the hormone testosterone and a form of the hormone estrogen. In terms of side effects, because androstenedione is an anabolic androgenic steroid, its effects are similar to those of testosterone-based anabolic steroids. Buy the Non-Methylated Prohormone 1-AD (1-Andro) from Hi-Tech Pharmaceuticals. This product claims to be the highest dosed product on the market, with each pill giving you 115 mg of 1 Andro, which converts to 1-testosterone at an anabolic-androgenic ratio of 1:2. Recommended Dose/Cycle Length For 1-Andro. The big knock against most anabolic agents is that they aren’t highly bioavailable in the body, DHEA pre-cursors included. Extra 25% off when you subscribe. Copy. Side effects of andro. 19-Nor-Andro by SteelSupplements. Product Ingredients. You require a full endocrine work up including evaluation of free and total testosterone, DHEAS, androstenedione, estradiol, LH, FSH. There are pro-hormone nutritional supplements available, such as androstenedione, that are precursors to TST, and designer androstenedione derivatives such as androstenediol that are purported to support TST production.